Key foundational papers.

• The “Brundtland Commission Report” - officially called Our Common Future: The Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development. March, 1987. A seminal report on sustainable development.

• Who Cares Wins. October, 2005. A report commissioned by Kofi Annan and supported by a working group of leading financial firms to come up with “recommendations by the financial industry to better integrate environmental, social and governance issues in analysis, asset management and securities brokerage.” With this report, the term ESG was solidified after having been used by Secretary-General Annan at the end of 2004 in a letter to CEOs.

• Impact Investment: An Emerging Asset Class. November, 2010. J.P. Morgan Global Research, The Rockefeller Foundation, and the GIIN. This report coined the term impact investing and was the first extensive report on the topic.